Changing of speed of motor cars and the like



July 2, 1935. M. BABENCO ETAL 2,006,784

CHANGING OF SPEED OF MOTOR CARS AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 50, 193 2 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y 1935. M. BABENCO ET AL ,784

CHANGING OF SPEED OF MOTOR CARS AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 30, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 2, 1935 l UNITED STATES AT T OFFICE."

CHANGING F SPEED OF MOTOR CARS AND THE LIKE Mauricio Babenco, Selik Bachrach, and Mordco Raiher, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Application September 30, 1932, Serial No. 635,694

3' Ciaims. (Cl. 74-336.5)

This invention relates to improvements in 26 and 2! thereof'are adaptedto cooperate with power transmission mechanisms and more parcorresponding toothed clutch members 28 and 29 ticularly to a mechanism of this character for rigidly secured to the-gear wheels 24 and 22. changing gear ratios. A second double acting clutch member 3i] is 5 The object of the invention is to provide a slidably and non-rotatably keyed on the portion v,5 simple and compact change speed gear in which of the driven shaft. 12 intermediate the gear the gear ratios are varied in dependence on the wheels 26 and 23 and the opposite toothed clutch speed of the driven shaft. members 3| and 32 thereof, are engageable with In the accompanying drawings wherein an apthe toothed clutch members 33 and 34 rigidly 10. proved embodiment of the invention is illusfixed to the gear Wheels and 23, respectively.

trated: The reverse drive shaft 14 is coupled with the Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on the line low speed gear wheel I9 by a gear wheel '35 and ll of Fig. 2. movement of said shaft i4 is transmitted to the Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line gear wheel 22 through the gear wheel 36. I

5 2-2 of Fig. 1. The gear wheel 21 fixed to the driven shaft Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View. on the line [2 meshes with a gear wheel 3'! loosely mounted 3-3 of Fig. 2. on the governor shaft IS, the gear wheel 31 being Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view on the line 44 provided with the toothed clutch member .38 enof Fig. 2. gageable by a correspondingly toothed clutch Fig. 5 shows details of the free wheeling clutch. member 39-slidably keyed on the shaft I6 where- 20 Fig. 6 is a detail view in elevation of the conby when the two clutch members .38 and 3-9, are

trolling means for the change speed gear. engaged, rotary movement of the driven shaft l2 Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of the is transmitted to the governor shaft I6. I main controlling lever of the mechanism. A main control lever 48 is pivotally mounted Referring to the drawings in detail the nuone, post 4| fixed in the casing iii and projects 25 meral It] indicates the gear casing rotatably supexteriorly of the latter through a slot 42, the porting one end of the drive shaft H and the lever being normally urged toward the left in adjacent end of the driven shaft I2 which latter Fig. 1 by an expansion spring 43. Above andbeis rotatable independently of the driveshaft H low its pivotal mounting 4! the lever 40 is pivotand is provided with a reduced forward end I3 ally connected with yokes 44 and 45, the yoke 44 3O rotatably mounted therein. engaging a groove 46 in the clutch member 25,

A reverse drive shaft l4, counter-shaft I5 and and the. yoke member 45' engaging a groove 41 vern r l6 are al o m un ed in'the casing It. in the slidable clutch member 39 whereby when The counter-Shaft l5 carries r e e Wheels the leverAii is shifted from one position to the ll, l8, and Hi all gid y p one t the other, the two yokes 44 and 45 are shifted in B5 other and the gear wheels l8 and I9 being of p osit directions, g sufficient width to accommodate axial movement The ggvernor shaft 15 upports a governor desof the gear wheels which mesh therewith. ignated generally t 43 and'consisting of 1 Movement of the drive shaft II is transmitted unity of weighted"spring arms 49' secured at to the gear Wheel through a gear Wheel one end to a hub Bilrigidly attached to the shaft 40 fixed to said drlve Shaft IE, the opposite end of the governor arms being gear "3 for driving the Y F secured to a tubular mantle 5l's1idably mounted will be heremafter more fully described, 1s fixe on thegovemor shaft is. 4

to the driven shaft 12 and immediately adjacent thereto a gear wheel 22 is rotatably mounted An m 52 1S gg ffiY v on the driven shaft i2for'imparting rotary move- 53 engagmg grooves prov? v e 9 ment to the latter in the reverse direction, as f Wheels and 24 n 1135 opposlte end will hereinafter appear. The rear wheels I8 and. 71th a hub-11kt? member 55 Shdably and t lii are for the intermediate and low speed drive a mounted i the tubular mantle 5|. The 50 respectively, and they are constantly in mesh hub member 1s normally retained in a prede- 50 with the pinion gear wheels 23 and 24 rotatably termined DOSltlOll. on the tubular mantle 5| by a and axially movable on the driven shaft l2. spring 56 secured at one end to said hub member A double acting clutch member 25 .is, slidably and at its pp end the nged terminal keyed on the driven shaft I2 between the gear 5'! of the tubular mantle 5i. The movement of wheels 22 and and the opposite toothed faces the arm 521s guided by a p1r 1 p in through 5 an aperture in said arm and is limited by a stop collar 59 fixed to said pin.

A' third arm 60 is provided at one end with a yoke 6| engaged in a groove 62 of the clutch member and at its opposite end with the hublike member 63 slidably and rotatably receiving the tubular mantle 5|. The arm 60 is normally held in plfideter-mined position by "a spring 64 fi d at one and meals rm. and at its p o it end to the collar 50. A collar 65 rigidly secured to the mantle 5 I is brought into engagement with, the hub member 63 as said mantle is moved axially under the influence of the centrifugal gov-- ernor 48. s

The clutch. member 30 is connected with the driven shaft l2 by an over-run or free. wheelin clutch illustrated in detail inFigs, 4 and 5 consisting of a hub member 61 keyed to thedriven shaft l2 and rotatably mounted in the bore of V the clutch member 30 in which a plurality of recesses 8; are formed coacting with pawls 69- pivotallymounted at [0 and normally pressed outof the driven shaft exceedsthat'of the drive shaft;

the clutch members 30 and -38 being still in coupledrelation, the pawls -69 are pressed inwardly toward the centerof the hub member 0'! by the cam-hire Walls "of the recesses- 68 and the driven shaft is thus allowed torevol-ve freely at a speed greater than that'of the drive shaft;

The operation of the lever 40 is controlled by a cable I4 secured atone end to the upperextreniity of the lever," and at itseppos'iteend to a rotatable drum 15' adjustable by means of a handle 16. 'When the handle I6 is moved toward the right asiindica'ted by-the arrow II, the cable 14 is unwoundon thedrum II and the lever 40 is moved-by the expansion spring 48 to adjust the change speed mechanism to low gear 'or first speed. However, when the handle It 11s moved in the opposite direction indicated by the arrow l8, the lever 44 is moved against the tension of the spring 43 into position to eflect the necessary-connection for the revcrserdrive;

In operation,-whenethe handle I is moved to ward the right, Fig. 6, the lever 40 is pressed by the expansion spring 43 and-moving about the pivot pin 4! actuates the yoke 44 so as to shift the clutchmember 25 into engagement with" the clutch member 28 thereby establishing a driving connection from the drive shaft ll through the 'gear' whelsill, l1, I9 and 34 to the driven shaft I2=through the clutch members 28 and 25;

Simultan ously p ra ion, t yoke 45 is also shifted'to engage the. clutch member 39 with the clutch member 38 and thus the movegrant of the driven shaft I2 is transmitted to the governor shaft it; As. the speed of the driven shaft l2 increa eathe speed of the governor l6 iscorrespcnding'ly increased and as the arms 49 swing ontwardly'under the action of centrifugal force, the tubular mantle BI is moved axially to the left and thespring .56pressing against the hubmember i n e he arm 52' and the two gear wheels 23 and 24 toward the. left whereby the clutch. m mberzli is disen a ed from th clutch member 25 and a driving connection is esclutch member 30.

"the spring 64.

ment. o the mantle 5 toward the left the'sprin 56 is compressed. Also during the above described operations, the arm 60 together with the clutch member 30 connected therewith are retained in the position shown in the drawings by However, as the speed of the driven shaft increases and the arms 49 are extended to a greater extent by centrifugal .force, the tubular mantle 5| is-further displaced axially until the collar rigid therewith engages the hub member '63 and displaces the arm 60 thereby disengaging the clutch, member '30 fromthe clutch member '34 V I V and establishing a direct drivingconnection between the drive shaft II and the driven shaft I 2 through the clutch members 83 and 30.

When the speed of the driven shaft is progressively retarded, the foregoing operations are performed in reverse order as follows: The tubular mantle 5| is moved to tharight and the arm fill by the tension of therspring 04 thereby returning the clutch member 30 into engagement with the clutch member 34 and reestabllshing a driving connection from the drive shaft H through. the" gear wheels 20, H, II and 23 to the driven'shaft through the clutch member 34 and 30.. Upon fur,- ther retardation of the speed of the driven shaft, the movement of the tubular mantle 5 1 is im parted to disarm 52 through the spring 56 and the clutch member 30 is thereby disengaged from the clutch member 30 anddriving connection between the driveshaft H and'the driven shaft I2 is established through the gear wheels 28; ll, l9 and 24 and theclutch members. and 26. When the handle I6 is shiftedto the position illustrated in Fig. 6, the lever 40 is so adjusted as to move the clutch member 25 tothe neutral position in which neither of the toothed faces thereof engage either of the clutch members '28 or 29 andthe clutch member 39 is'withdrawn from the'clutch member 88;

exerted on the cable 14 and the. lever 40 isrso is restored to the position shown in the drawings c moved as to engage the clutch member 21 with the clutch'member '29 and, thus a driving .conmotion between the drive shaft andthe driven shaft is'established through thesear wheels 20, l1, l9, 3!, and 22 and the clutch members 29 and 25. V V y In order to protect the Dartsbfthe governor moving under the influence of centrifugal force from the detrimental effects of the relatively heavy lubricant ordinarily contained in the casings of gears of this type, a governor casingflo is secured at 8| to the tubular mantle 5| and. slides at its opposite end onthe cylindrical ex clutch members 3Q and 83 have been engaged, they casing 80, prevents the arms fromswinging .out-

wardly to a greater extent. 7

What is claimed is: 7 1. In a change-speed gear, the combination of a driving shaft and a driven shaft, with a counter shaft, a governor shaft a centrifugal governor and a slidable mantle mounted thereon, low and intermediate speed gear wheels rotatable and slidable on the driven shaft, gear wheels connecting the drive shaft with the counter shaft and with the low and intermediate speed gear wheels, means for clutching the low speed gear wheel to said driven shaft, clutch means for selectively clutching the driven shaft to the intermediate speed gear wheel and to the drive shaft, means including an arm on the mantle actuated by said governor for directly shifting the low speed gear out of engagement with its clutching means and the intermediate speed gear wheel into engagement with the secondly mentioned clutch means, and an arm on the mantle controlled by said governor for directly shifting the secondly mentioned clutch means out of engagement with the intermediate speed gear wheel and into clutched relation with said drive shaft.

2. In a change-speed gear the combination of alined driving and driven shafts, with a governor shaft, a centrifugal governor and a slidable mantle mounted on the governor shaft, means controlled by the governor for actuating the mantle, intermediate clutching means slidably mounted on the driven shaft, an arm mounted on the mantle directly acting on the intermediate clutching means, intermediate and low speed gear wheels slidably and rotatably mounted on the driven shaft, arms mounted on the mantle directly acting on the intermediate and low speed gear wheels.

3. A mechanism as claimed in claim 1 including MAURICIO BABENCO. SELIK BACHRACH. MORDCO RAIHER. 

